QUESTION If you choose to evaluate an informatics intervention by examining the impact on a clinician’s ability to think ahead about future events, which level of situation awareness would you be measuring? a. Social b. Perception c. Comprehension d. Projection ANSWER: ANS: D Projections are expectations of outcomes in the future. Projections are driven […]
QUESTION Using the STAR Model, which of the following points indicate knowledge transformation has occurred? (Select all that apply.) a. Discovery research b. Evidence summary c. Translation to guidelines d. Practice integration e. Testing the hypothesis f. Evaluation of process and outcomes ANSWER: ANS: A, B, C, D, F The knowledge transformation process in […]
QUESTION Which specialized method(s) is (are) used in knowledge discovery and data mining? a. Stratified sampling b. Conceptual analytic methods c. Selection of the optimal subset of variables/features for use in modeling d. Machine learning ANSWER: ANS: C Knowledge discovery and data mining (KDDM) makes use of specialized analytic methods, characteristically machine learning, to […]
QUESTION Which measure is most important for evaluating the performance of classifiers, models that predict class membership? a. Root mean squared error (RMSE) b. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve c. Percentage of correctly classified cases d. Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic ANSWER: ANS: B The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is […]
QUESTION The process of knowledge discovery and data mining is best characterized as: a. machine learning, use of statistical methods, large amounts of data. b. a process wherein patients are selected for clinical trials. c. “fishing” for information in data. d. cleaning data for further analysis using other methods. ANSWER: ANS: A Knowledge discovery […]
QUESTION Which characteristic is an advantage that practice-based evidence studies have over RCTs? a. Large sample sizes can be obtained easily. b. Multiple sites are typically enrolled, resulting in greater generalizability. c. Study efficacy is greater. d. Multiple variables can be studied. ANSWER: ANS: C Practice-based evidence (PBE) designs trade away the internal validity […]
QUESTION Which is not a common step in a practice-based evidence study? a. Assemble a multidisciplinary project team b. Measure patient severity c. Obtain patient consent d. Collect data ANSWER: ANS: C It is not necessary to obtain patient consent when treatment is not altered.
QUESTION Which methods are examples of data mining? (Select all that apply.) a. Decision trees b. Stratified random sampling c. Bayesian networks d. Artificial neural networks e. Factor analysis ANSWER: ANS: A, C, D Decision trees, Bayesian networks, and artificial neural networks are methods commonly used in data mining.
QUESTION Practice-based evidence studies differ from traditional observational designs in several main ways. What is one of those main differences? a. Exhaustive attention paid to patient characteristics b. Excluding clinicians in the study design to improve treatment efficacy c. Use of small sample sizes and specific patient sources/settings d. General, unstructured documentation of interventions […]
QUESTION Practice-based evidence requires close partnering with informatics specialists to: (select all that apply) a. design screens and terms to capture interventions. b. create and maintain the databases required for PBE studies. c. upgrade EHR modules so all sites are on the same version of software. d. ensure all end users are trained. ANSWER: […]
