Which of the following situations/statements best depicts Gould’s four

Which of the following situations/statements best depicts Gould’s fourth theme of adult devel-opment?

1. “When I made that decision, I didn’t expect it to turn out like it did.”
2. “I have to take the opportunity to be my own boss and not rely on others.”
3. “I think you can do anything if only you have your health and good friends.”
4. “As much as I’d love to open my own shop, I just can’t take that kind of chance.”

ANSWER

ANS: 4
The fourth theme, identified in the 40s and called “the die is cast,” indicates resignation and the belief that possibilities are limited. The personality is set. Individuals believe changes in career are less likely to be successful. Parents are blamed for their lack of choices. Individuals face regret for mistakes made with children. The second theme occurs during the early 30s and asks, “Is what I am the only way for me to be?” This question occurs when young adults experience the consequences of the decisions of their independence. Gould’s development themes start when individuals are in their 20s with, “I have to get away from my parents.” This is challenged in mi-nor ways before the end of high school but ends as young persons begin to live away from home. The move away from parental influence is gradual as young adults establish themselves as adults. During the 50s a decrease in negativism occurs. Gould finds a realization of mortality with a concern for one’s state of health.