Which of the following disasters would most likely cause the most long

Which of the following disasters would most likely cause the most long-lasting mental health concerns for its victims?

a. For the fourth year in a row a flood hit an area, demolishing several houses, but families heard the warning siren and evacuated in time.
b. A forest fire was deliberately set but was not a major concern until the fire suddenly changed direction and people attempting to evacuate at the last minute were burned in their cars.
c. A tsunami hit the beach with unbelievable force, water sweeping over the entire harbor, although most boats had been moved to deep water.
d. A volcano erupted and lava destroyed the main road to the village where several houses burned, but no one died in the eruption.

ESSAYBID ANSWER

ANS: B
Research has identified four keys to gauging the mental health impact of such events, any two of which may result in severe, lasting, and pervasive psychological effects. The key factors are: (1) extreme and widespread property damage; (2) serious and ongoing financial problems; (3) high prevalence of trauma in the form of injuries, threat to life, and loss of life; and (4) when human intent caused the disaster. Because the fire was deliberately set and lives were lost, that disaster will be more disruptive than disasters when only property was damaged.