What was one negative effect of industrialization in the United States

What was one negative effect of industrialization in the United States in the nineteenth century?

a. People did not want to live in cities any longer.
b. Most immigrants were not allowed to work at the new industrial jobs.
c. Labor disputes led to the formation of labor unions.
d. There was a greater need for consumer goods than ever before.
e. There was now a growing disparity in income between the rich and poor.

ANSWER
E