The text authors conclude that “the Viking voyages (about 1000 A.D.) h

The text authors conclude that “the Viking voyages (about 1000 A.D.) had no long-term impact because Europe was not yet ripe for westward expansion.” Describe what was needed by Europeans to become “ripe” for expansion.

What will be an ideal response?

ANSWER
Consider the following: population growth, geographical knowledge, navigational technology, new ship designs, widely disseminated travel narratives, an aggressive merchant class allied with monarchs, a spirit of material acquisition, unification of nation-states, missionary fervor.