The nurse is assessing an older client. What effects of aging should t

The nurse is assessing an older client. What effects of aging should the nurse keep in mind during this assessment?

1. Decreased cough reflex
2. Stiffening of blood vessels
3. Alteration in protein synthesis
4. Dry mucous membranes
5. Increased risk of aspiration

ANSWER

Correct Answer: 1, 4, 5
Rationale 1: The cough reflex decreases during aging.
Rationale 2: Stiffening of blood vessels is an effect of aging on the cardiovascular system.
Rationale 3: Alteration in protein synthesis is an effect of aging on the metabolic system.
Rationale 4: Mucous membranes are drier with aging.
Rationale 5: Increased risk of aspiration occurs in aging because of gastroesophageal reflux disease.