Scientific knowledge is generated through: a. authorities. b. borrowi

Scientific knowledge is generated through:

a. authorities.
b. borrowing from other disciplines.
c. personal experience.
d. research.

ESSAYBID ANSWER

ANS: D
Research is needed to provide a sound scientific basis for nursing. Other ways of knowing (e.g., tradition, authority, borrowing, trial and error) help to inform nursing knowledge, but knowledge based on factual information is necessary to develop scientific knowledge.
Authorities may contribute to scientific knowledge by conducting research, but not by their “authority.”
Borrowing does not generate scientific knowledge. Research is needed to provide a sound scientific basis for nursing.
Personal experience may lead one to conduct research, but does not by itself generate scientific knowledge.