A client is complaining of having the same type of pain that he experi

A client is complaining of having the same type of pain that he experienced prior to being diagnosed with cancer. The nurse realizes that which process will influence this client’s perception of pain?

1. Transmission
2. Modulation
3. Perception
4. Transduction

ANSWER

Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Transmission is a process by which the pain signals are transmitted to the brain.
Rationale 2: Modulation is the process where signals are sent back down the spinal tracts in response to the pain.
Rationale 3: Perception is when the client becomes conscious of the pain. Pain perception is the sum of complex activities in the central nervous system that can shape the character and intensity of pain perceived and ascribes meaning to the pain. The psychosocial context of the situation and the meaning of the pain based on past experiences and future hopes and dreams help to shape the behavioral response that follows.
Rationale 4: Transduction is a process whereby chemicals are released in response to noxious stimuli.