In general, in the 19th century, America (a) was a low tariff nation

In general, in the 19th century, America

(a) was a low tariff nation because it was believed that free trade brought specialization, efficiency and more rapid economic growth.
(b) was a nation that kept its tariffs at about the same levels as England so as not to give the British an advantage.
(c) was a high tariff nation which believed, from the days of Alexander Hamilton, that America’s industry needed protection from the more industrially advanced England.
(d) had a moderate level of tariffs, compared with England, whose main purpose was to provide the federal government with revenues.

ANSWER

(d)