All of the following describe the Portuguese involvement in slavery in

All of the following describe the Portuguese involvement in slavery in Africa during the 1400s EXCEPT

A) the Portuguese shifted part of the African slave trade to Europeans on the coast and away from Arab-dominated overland routes across the Sahara.
B) far fewer slaves and Portuguese slave traders were involved in the slave trade in the 1400s than were involved in the 1600s or 1700s.
C) the Portuguese shipped most African slaves out of Africa and treated African slaves very harshly.
D) the Portuguese involvement in slavery in Africa represented the first time in history that Africans participated in slavery.

ANSWER
Answer: D