If all of the business consultant’s statements are true, which of the

QUESTION

If all of the business consultant’s statements are true, which of the following must also be true?

A) Every entry-level manager who received at least a satisfactory rating had the required technical skills.
B) All the entry-level managers who lacked the required skills received an unsatisfactory rating.
C) The most successful managers had the greatest technical skills.
D) The only possible ratings for entry level managers are “satisfactory” and “unsatisfactory.”
E) All managers who had the required technical skills did not receive an unsatisfactory rating.

ANSWER

Answer: E
Explanation: E) The managers who failed lacked the skills, but that doesn’t mean that everyone who lacked the skills failed. So Choices A and B are possible but not guaranteed. Since every failing manager, however, lacked the skills, anyone who had the skills must not have failed, and so Choice E is inferable. Choice C: The business consultant doesn’t mention managers with the greatest skills. It might be that outstanding technical skills help, but we can’t be sure. Choice D: If there’s an “unsatisfactory” rating, then it makes sense that there’s a “satisfactory” rating, but for all we know, there could be other ratings, such as “really great” or “please quit immediately.”